LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS: CLINICAL FEATURES AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall characterized by lipid accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, and progressive plaque formation. Dysregulation of lipoprotein metabolism, including elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, is a key pathogenic factor. Accurate laboratory assessment of lipid profiles and advanced lipoprotein testing is essential for risk stratification, diagnosis, and monitoring of therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes lipoprotein metabolism, the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, clinical manifestations, and contemporary laboratory diagnostic approaches, in accordance with standards of leading American medical journals.
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