MEDICAL GENETICS: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR EARLY DETECTION OF HEREDITARY DISEASES
Abstract
This article analyzes the modern development stages of medical genetics, the molecular basis of hereditary diseases, and new technologies for their early detection. The practical significance of genome analysis, whole exome and whole genome sequencing, prenatal and preimplantation diagnostics, neonatal screening, and population-based genetic testing is highlighted. Additionally, gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, epigenetic mechanisms, bioinformatics tools, and the concept of personalized medicine are demonstrated, based on scientific evidence, to create new opportunities for identifying hereditary disorders. The article examines a comprehensive approach aimed at preventing hereditary diseases, identifying high-risk groups, improving genetic counseling services, and enhancing public health. The results confirm the increasing role of medical genetics in the future of medicine.
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