BIOGENIC ELEMENTS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN THE HUMAN BODY

Abstract

Biogenic elements are fundamental chemical elements that sustain life by participating in essential biological processes. In the human body, these elements are classified into major (macronutrients) and trace (micronutrients) based on their required quantities. Major biogenic elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen form the structural framework of biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Others like calcium, potassium, and sodium are vital for physiological functions including bone health, muscle contraction, and nerve signaling. Trace elements, though needed in smaller amounts, play crucial roles in enzymatic activity, hormone production, and metabolic regulation. Deficiencies or imbalances in these elements can lead to a variety of health issues. Understanding the roles and significance of biogenic elements is essential for comprehending human physiology and maintaining overall health.