BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF CARIES DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
The development of dental caries is a dynamic process rooted in biological and biochemical interactions within the oral environment. Central to this process is the activity of acid-producing and acid-tolerant bacteria that colonize the dental biofilm. These bacteria metabolize dietary carbohydrates, particularly fermentable sugars, to produce organic acids. This acid production creates localized acidic conditions that compromise the mineral integrity of the enamel and, if unaddressed, lead to the progressive destruction of tooth structure.
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